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The
name emerald comes from the Greek 'smaragdos' via the
Old French 'Esmeralda', and really just means 'green
gemstone'. Innumerable fantastic
stories have grown up around this magnificent gem. The
Incas and Aztecs of South America, where the best
emeralds are still found today, regarded the emerald as
a holy gemstone. However, probably the oldest known
finds were once made near the Red Sea in Egypt. Having
said that, these gemstone mines, already exploited by
Egyptian pharaohs between 3000 and 1500 B.C. and later
referred to as 'Cleopatra's Mines', had already been
exhausted by the time they were rediscovered in the
early 19th century.
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